Learn Morse Code and Flag Signalling
This page is to dedicated to learning Morse Code.
The images and text presented are taken from a series of cigarette cards dating from the early to mid 1920s. The cards were issued with Gallaher's and Cope's cigarettes.
The reverse image of the card is complete with original text. The actual cards are 66 mm x 34 mm. The reverse of all cards is printed in blue. They are small and difficult to read.
These cards were found as part of The New York Public Library Digital Collections and are public domain materials.
How To Make Your Own
Wireless Set.
A 1920s style crystal radio receiver.
Having completed the Morse Lessons, a young (or old) man can earn his Wireless Man Badge.
Click Image to learn the how-to ...
CWSO CIGARETTES
A SERIES OF 50 BOY SCOUT BADGES
No. 20. Wireless-man.
Amongst the necessary qualifications for wearing this badge, the Wireless-man is required to know how to erect and maintain various types of aerial and how to effect emergency repairs, and what economical materials to use.
To have an elementary knowledge of how a thermionic valve works in a wireless set.
Know the functions of condenser, resistance, inductance, crystal rectification, reaction, transformers.
Know how to build and repair a wireless set, &c Cigarette Card Albums are available at your stores.
MAHOGANY RICH DARK FLAKE TOBACCO
How To Make Your Own
Wireless Set.
A 1920s style crystal radio receiver.
Having completed the Morse Lessons, a young (or old) man can earn his Wireless Man Badge.
BOY SCOUT SERIES.
100 DESIGNS.
No. 71. MORSE ALPHABET.
The Morse or "dot and dash" method of signalling has its complete alphabet which is here given. It is used in telegraphy, and in the Army and Navy. The messages are conveyed by forming the dots and dashes with a small flag waved through the air. A most useful thing to learn.
Issued by GALLAHER, LTD. BELFAST & LONDON.
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Morse Signalling is done by various signs, which represent short and long periods of time. The signals may be made by flags, lamp-flashes, or by whistles, &c, The main point is that a 'short period equals one second, and a 'long' period three seconds. The Morse signal for each letter is shown on these cards by the short and long dashes, thus A
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Shoeing a horse. Handmade shoes are much better than machine made ones. The outside of the hoof should be rasped down until level with the sole. Do not touch the outside edge of the hoof. as this weakens the horn. Fit the hot shoe to the foot and see that it is level, Drive nails in at the toes first. Five nails are ample for most horses
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Astronomy. The Solar System consists of the sun, the parent body, 8 large named planets, and numerous comets. The earth travels in an ellipse round the Sun. The names of the planets working outwards from the Sun are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The nearest fixed star is 3 light years from the earth. Light travels at 186,000 miles per second.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
The movements and habits of birds and animals are of importance to the Scout, and much may be learned by a careful study of all the wild creatures. The various calls and cries, the manner in which they run or fly; all these signs and signals have meanings which are capable of being interpreted by the intelligent Scout.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
The signaller should stand erect, the feet nine to ten inches apart, care being particularly taken that he faces the station or person to whom he is signalling. It is of the greatest importance that the arms should be in the exact positions for the letters, otherwise repetition and general waste of time is sure to follow.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Bleeding injuries. After bleeding has been checked, the wound should be washed with a clean soft rag, dipped in Condy's Fluid or other antiseptic. A couple of large spoonfuls of permanganate of potash dissolved in one pint of water makes an excellent antiseptic. Soak cotton wool in this and apply it to the cleansed wound, cover with some waterproof material and then apply a bandage
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Swimming. This is of course best learned when young. The most essential point is to gain confidence when entering the watery element. Hence, if young boys are encouraged to play about in the water, they learn to swim in the most natural manner possible. Practise keeping one's head under water as long as possible. Floating will come naturally. Finally, practise swimming under water.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Repairing lead water Pipes. Straighten the ends to be joined, and paint them with a mixture of lamp black and glue. Taper both ends with a rasp and make one wider than the other. Pour the solder from a ladle, and in the left hand use a large wiping cloth. After wards pass the cloth round the joint in one direction.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Ovens -Dig a shallow trench in the earth. The fire is lighted in this. Then place over the fire two or more stout sticks or a couple of iron bars. The pan or kettle is placed on these over the fire. The smoke from the fire is carried along the trench and thus 6 does not smoke' the food which is being cooked.
COPE BROTHERS & CO PLIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Ventilation of bedrooms. Windows should always be open at the top. The bed should never be placed between the door and the window. Open chimneys are the best means of ventilating the room, especially if there is a small fire in the fireplace. If there is a draught on the bed place a screen between it and the bed, but never close the window.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Signal Fires by Night, A fire is made from brushwood, dry sticks and bracken, These give a very brilliant flame. The signals are conveyed by means of holding a blanket between the fire and those for whom the signals are intended. The blanket is dropped and raised so that the flare is is visible or hidden for long or short periods according to the messages required to be sent, such as Advance quickly; Fall back: Danger; Halt, etc.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Bleeding. There are several kinds of bleeding; the two chief are arterial (from an artery), veinous (from a vein). The first of these is most dangerous. The flow of blood day be checked or even stopped by pressing the fingers on the side nearest the heart.
Afterwards add a tourniquet made of a handkerchief or strip of cloth tied round the limb and tightened with a stick.
COPE BROTHERS & CO CLIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Extinguishing fires. If water is available, this is the quickest remedy. In case of burning oil, water is very dangerous; it causes the burning oil to fly in all directions. Sand is a safe extinguisher, and should be thrown on the burning material until com-
pletely extinguished. In case the hose is not handy, scouts should form a line and pass buckets of water from hand to hand.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Backgrounds. The question of backgrounds for signalling is of the utmost importance, and special study for selecting suitable situations is absolutely necessary and one of the first things to be taken into consideration. Whenever possible, the background should be unbroken, and the colour of light uniform. Experience alone will teach the signaller the effect of changes of light on flags and backgrounds.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Shelters. A handy sleeping place for four or five scouts is thus made. Two forked sticks are driven into the ground about 4 feet apart. A stout pole is laid in the two forks. This forms the ridge of the roof. The sides are made by leaning branches from the ridge pole to the ground, slanting outwards at an angle of about 45 degrees.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
It is necessary that every Scout should be able to darn his own stockings, mend his clothes, and repair his boots. These are things which are easily learnt by a few practical lessons. The articles for the repair outfit are all small and can be carried in a small linen or canvas bag.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Rescuing an Insensible Person from Fire. -Cover the body with a wet blanket to prevent the clothes catching fire. Cover the mouth with a wet rag tied behind the head to prevent smoke being inhaled. In dense smoke the breathable air is nearest the ground. If the person's clothes are on fire the simplest way to extinguish the flames is to wrap him in a carpet.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Saving from drowning.Swim cautiously behind the person who is in difficulty, and approach him from behind. Tell him to try and turn, and float on his back, Swim alongside and support his head with one hand. You may find it easier to turn on your back supporting the other's head with one hand, and propelling with your legs. Frequent practise in this is most essential.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Repairing Boots or Shoes. Tear off the worn leather soles with a pair of pincers and remove all projecting nails. The new leather should be cut larger than the foot. Fasten it down the centre with a few nails; hammer well down to fit the shape of the sole; then knock in sprigs all round about in. from the edges. Hammer well down. Trim and smooth edges.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Signal Fires by Day.For this, Smoke Fires are used. A fire is lighted, and when strongly going, green leaves, grass, or damp rushes are put on to make it smoke. The fire is then covered with a damp blanket; if the blanket is raised a puff of smoke of course emerges. By this means (in a favourable situation) messages can be rapidly and safely conveyed.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
In pitching a tent, select a piece of ground which appears to be dry and well drained; be careful to avoid low lying meadows. Strong coarse growing grass is nearly always a sure sign of moisture. as possible, As far select a position sheltered from the wind and near to a spring or stream.
COPE BROTHERS & CO @LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Walking. The inside of the foot of the stockings may with advantage be well lathered over with soap, and the feet themselves be soaped. It is also a good plan when covering long distances to change feet with the socks about midday. By these simple precautions blisters and much discomfort will be avoided.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Tents. Pole to be perpendicular. Space pegs out equally. See that door is to leeward. In case of heavy rain, cut a channel all round outside, and pile earth around bottom of tent. Always take care to slacken ropes at night, as damp air, mist or rain will shorten ropes and draw pegs out of the ground. ?
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED DON LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
When using signal flags it must be remembered that if your flags cannot be read it causes endless confusion, and incidentally double work. The most important thing to strive after is correct work. An ordinary handkerchief tied on a pole makes a good flag against a dark background. Speed is not everything.
COPE BROTHERS & CO PLIMITED
LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
Camp Lights. A camp candle-stick is made by twisting wire into a spiral; the bottom being wider than the top, so that it will stand upright. A cleft stick bound with string to prevent cleft spreading too far makes a good holder. On a windy night a glass jam jar with a small candle makes a good lamp.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
COPE'S CIGARETTES
For drying clothes that have been saturated with the rain, the simplest and quickest way is to make a slow fire and construct over it a rough framework of green branches. Then arrange the clothes over the framework, frequently altering the position of the articles.
COPE BROTHERS & CO LIMITED LIVERPOOL & LONDON
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